You can see them
working in Tea stalls, picking up garbages in streets, working in a bidi
factory, working in a house or at any other such places where they are not
supposed to work. As the population of India is growing day by day, Child
Labour is emerging out to be a serious problem. As per the National Census
Report 2001 about 12.6 million children between the age of 5 to 14 years work
as Child labour in India. The figure is not only alarming but is also a shame
for a rapidly developing country like India.
So, first of all let us
focus on the reasons for the rising Child Labour in India
·
Poverty:
It is one of the most vital reasons. A majority of the Indian population lives
below the poverty line. They have a myth that; more the number of children the
more are the sources of income.
·
Illiteracy among Parents:
People living in rural areas are not literate enough to understand the outcomes
or the impact that physical work has on the health of the child.
·
Fewer schools:
There is still dearth of schools for poor children both in rural as well as
urban areas.
·
Employer’s preference:
We cannot blame the parents and children every time. The persons employing
child labour should be dealt with strictly.
Now, as we finish
discussing the causes of Child Labour in India, let us now focus on the laws that
are present in India to curb Child Labour in India.
1.
Factories
Act, 1948: This act restricts any children below 14 years of
age from working in a factory. It also places a restriction and discloses rules
regarding working of pre adults that are persons from 15 to 18 years of age.
2.
Mines
Act, 1952: It puts a ban on all the children aged less than 18
years from working in a mine.
3.
The
Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986:
This act restrains children below 14 years from working in a hazardous
environment.
4.
The
Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act, 2000:
Any person employing a child in any hazardous environment is punishable under
this act.
5.
The
Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009:
This act makes it mandatory for children aged 6 to 14 years to have free and
compulsory education. Moreover, the act also stresses on the fact that 25% of
the seats in all private schools must be reserved for children suffering from
any type of physical disability and backward groups.
Inspite of these laws the
Government of India has not been successful in fully eradicating Child Labour
from India. The SSA or the Sarva Sikhsha Abhiyan introduced by Atal Bihari
Vajpayee was introduced to make elementary education free for children in the
age group between 6 to 14 years. It also focuses on the importance of girl
child education in India.
Hence,
in conclusion it can be said that the budgetary allocation towards the
education of children should be increased, adults in the rural areas should be
educated about the importance of Child Education.